Research
Mechanism
Cytokines
Cytokines are small proteins secreted by cells to regulate the body’s immune system. Cytokines act as molecular messengers capable of activating and attracting immune cells such as lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages. Cytokines are key to understanding and manipulating the body’s immune response. Many cytokines such as IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α are validated targets for treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.
GM-CSF
Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that can activate macrophages and other immune cells to drive inflammation1,2.
Namilumab
Namilumab
Namilumab is an investigational, novel fully human monoclonal antibody conveniently administered once a month as a subcutaneous injection. Namilumab is a potent GM-CSF inhibitor that has been demonstrated well-tolerated in more than 300 patients so far across multiple clinical trials3.
References
- Ishioka S, et al. Sarcoidosis, Vasculitis, and Diffuse Lung Diseases 1996.
- Itoh A, et al. Respirology 1998.
- Taylor P, et al. Arthritis Res Therapy 2019; Tanaka S et al. International J Pharmacol Therapy 2018; Papp KA et al. J Dermatol 2019; Huizinga TW et al. Arthritis Res Ther. 2017; Unpublished Ph 2 results ankylosing spondylitis